Informasi lebih lanjut ― Bahasa indonesia

Urticarial vasculitis adalah kondisi langka yang ditandai dengan serangan gatal-gatal yang berlangsung lama atau berulang. Meskipun gejala kulitnya menyerupai gatal-gatal kronis, gejalanya unik karena gatal-gatal tersebut bertahan setidaknya selama 24 jam dan dapat menyebabkan bintik hitam setelah memudar. Meskipun penyebabnya sering kali tidak diketahui, terkadang penyakit ini dapat dipicu oleh obat-obatan tertentu, infeksi, penyakit autoimun, kelainan darah, atau kanker. Beberapa penelitian bahkan mengaitkannya dengan COVID-19 dan flu H1N1. Penyakit ini juga dapat mempengaruhi bagian tubuh lain seperti otot, ginjal, paru-paru, perut, dan mata. Meskipun jenis pemeriksaan jaringan tertentu dapat memastikan diagnosis, hal ini tidak selalu diperlukan. Pengobatan biasanya dimulai dengan antibiotik, dapson, colchicine, atau hydroxychloroquine untuk kasus yang lebih ringan. Untuk kasus yang lebih parah, obat yang menekan sistem kekebalan seperti metotreksat atau kortikosteroid mungkin diperlukan. Baru-baru ini, terapi biologis (rituximab, omalizumab, interleukin-1 inhibitors) menjanjikan untuk kasus-kasus sulit.
Urticarial vasculitis is a rare clinicopathologic entity that is characterized by chronic or recurrent episodes of urticarial lesions. Skin findings of this disease can be difficult to distinguish visually from those of chronic idiopathic urticaria but are unique in that individual lesions persist for ≥24 hours and can leave behind dusky hyperpigmentation. This disease is most often idiopathic but has been linked to certain drugs, infections, autoimmune connective disease, myelodysplastic disorders, and malignancies. More recently, some authors have reported associations between urticarial vasculitis and COVID-19, as well as influenza A/H1N1 infection. Urticarial vasculitis can extend systemically as well, most often affecting the musculoskeletal, renal, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and ocular systems. Features of leukocytoclastic vasculitis seen on histopathologic examination are diagnostic of this disease, but not always seen. In practice, antibiotics, dapsone, colchicine, and hydroxychloroquine are popular first-line therapies, especially for mild cutaneous disease. In more severe cases, immunosuppressives, including methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, and cyclosporine, as well as corticosteroids, may be necessary for control. More recently, select biologic therapies, including rituximab, omalizumab, and interleukin-1 inhibitors have shown promise for the treatment of recalcitrant or refractory cases.

Seorang pria berusia 35 tahun datang dengan riwayat ruam merah cerah dan nyeri di kedua paha dan kaki selama 15 hari, serta nyeri sendi. Dia menderita infeksi saluran kemih selama seminggu sebelum ruam muncul. Kulitnya menunjukkan beberapa plak merah yang lembut, berbentuk cincin, dan sebagian dapat pucat di kedua sisi paha dan kakinya. Dia diberi prednisolon oral (40mg/hari) selama seminggu bersama dengan antihistamin non-mengantuk (fexofenadine) . Dalam seminggu, semua ruam hilang sepenuhnya. Tidak ada lagi ruam selama 6 bulan setelah pemeriksaan rutin.
A 35-year-old man came in with a 15-day history of bright red, painful rashes on both thighs and legs, along with joint pain. He had a urinary tract infection for a week before the rash appeared. His skin showed several tender, ring-shaped, partially blanchable, red plaques on both sides of his thighs and legs. He was given oral prednisolone (40mg/day) for a week along with a non-drowsy antihistamine (fexofenadine). Within a week, all the rashes disappeared completely. There were no more rashes during the next 6 months of regular check-ups.